What are the commonly used electronic components for PCBA processing?

PCBA processing is inseparable from various electronic components, such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, crystal diodes, crystal triodes, etc., which are the basic components of electronic circuits. The performance and quality of electronic components have a great impact on the quality of PCBA finished products. What are the common PCBA electronic components?

Resistors

Resistors are electronic components with resistance characteristics. They are one of the most widely used components in PCBA and are usually called resistors. Resistors are divided into fixed resistors and variable resistors (potentiometers), which play the role of voltage division, current division and current limiting in the circuit.

Potentiometers

Resistors with variable resistance values, that is, resistors that can be continuously adjusted within a specified range, are called potentiometers. Potentiometers consist of a housing, a sliding end, a rotating shaft, a ring resistor body and three lead-out terminals.

Capacitors

Capacitors are one of the basic components in PCBA processing. They are a component that stores electrical energy. They play the role of coupling, filtering, DC isolation and tuning in electronic circuits.

Inductor coils

Inductor coils are referred to as inductors and have the function of storing magnetic energy. Inductors are represented by the letter symbol L. The inductor coil is usually composed of a skeleton, winding, shielding cover, magnetic core, etc.

Transformer

The transformer is composed of an iron core (or magnetic core) and a coil. The coil has two or more windings, of which the winding connected to the power supply is called the primary coil, and the remaining windings are called the secondary coil.

The transformer is a device that converts voltage, current and impedance. When an AC current flows through the primary coil, an AC magnetic flux is generated in the iron core (or magnetic core), causing a voltage (or current) to be induced in the secondary coil. The transformer is mainly used for AC voltage conversion, current conversion, power transmission, impedance conversion and buffer isolation, etc., and is one of the important components that are indispensable in PCBA.

Crystal diode

The crystal diode (i.e. semiconductor diode, hereinafter referred to as diode) is made of a PN junction, electrode leads and an external sealed tube shell, and it has a unidirectional conductive characteristic.

Crystal triode

The crystal triode (hereinafter referred to as triode) is the core device for signal amplification and processing, and is widely used in PCBA.

Field Effect Transistor

Field effect transistor (FET for short) is also a semiconductor device with PN junction. Unlike triode, it does not use the conductive property of PN junction, but its insulating property.

Thyristor

SCR is the abbreviation of thyristor rectifier. It is a high-power semiconductor device with three PN junctions and four-layer structure, also known as thyristor. It has the characteristics of small size, relatively simple structure and strong function, and is one of the more commonly used semiconductor devices.

Integrated Circuit

Integrated Circuit (IC) is a circuit with specific functions that is formed by making active devices (triode, field effect tube, etc.) and passive components (resistors, capacitors, etc.) of the circuit on a semiconductor substrate or insulating substrate using semiconductor technology or thick and thin film technology (or a combination of these processes) and encapsulated in a tube shell. Compared with discrete component circuits, integrated circuits have the advantages of small size, light weight, low power consumption, low cost, high reliability and stable performance, and are widely used in PCBA electronic products.

Electroacoustic devices

The devices used to complete the conversion between electrical signals and sound signals in the circuit are called electroacoustic devices. There are many types of them, including speakers, microphones, headphones (or earplugs), transmitters, receivers, etc.

Switches, relays, various connectors

Switches are used to cut off, connect or convert circuits in electronic equipment.

Relays are automatic control devices that will change the output in a jump-like manner when the input quantity (electricity, magnetism, sound, light, heat) reaches a certain value.

Surface mount components

Surface mount components (SMC and SMD) are also called chip components or chip components. They include resistors, capacitors, inductors and semiconductor devices, etc. They have the characteristics of small size, light weight, no leads or very short leads, high installation density, high reliability, good vibration resistance, and easy automation.

Photoelectric devices

Photoconductive devices that work using the photosensitivity of semiconductors, photocells that work using the photovoltaic effect of semiconductors, and semiconductor light-emitting devices are collectively referred to as photoelectric devices.

Display device

An electronic display device refers to a photoelectric conversion device that converts electrical signals into optical signals, that is, a device used to display numbers, symbols, text or images. It is a key component of an electronic display device and has a great impact on the performance of the display device.